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⚡ The Electromagnetic Spectrum 🌈
Quick revision for your science exams - remember the order!
The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged by wavelength and frequency.
📻 Radio waves have the longest wavelength and lowest frequency. They are used for radio, TV and communications.
🍿 Microwaves are used for cooking food and satellite communication. In microwave ovens, they transfer energy to water molecules, making them vibrate and heat up.
🔥 Infrared is detected as heat. Hotter objects emit more infrared radiation, which is why it is used in thermal imaging cameras.
🌈 Visible light is the only part of the EM spectrum our eyes can detect. White light can be split by a prism into different colours.
💜 Ultraviolet can make some materials fluoresce, but too much UV can cause sunburn and skin damage.
🩻 X-rays pass through soft tissue but are absorbed by bone and metal, so they are useful for medical imaging.
☢️ Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength, highest frequency and highest energy. They are penetrating and ionising, so thick lead or concrete is used for shielding.
Remember:
⬅️ Longer wavelength = lower frequency = lower energy
➡️ Shorter wavelength = higher frequency = higher energy
Save this for GCSE Physics revision 🧠⚡
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